DSpace community: 體育事務處
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/69
原為體育室,於2011年8月更名為體育事務處。其下設置有體育教學組和體育活動組二組。The community's search engineSearch the Channels
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/simple-search
臺灣足球產業模型發展之研究-以國際足球產業模型為例
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/125047
title: 臺灣足球產業模型發展之研究-以國際足球產業模型為例 abstract: 目的:本研究旨在透過對國際足球產業模型的運作模式分析,比較臺灣的足球產業,期能為台灣足球產業提供一個未來的可行性模型,以利我國的足球產業發展。方法:本研究之方法為透過將足球產業模型理論化,從國際之足球產業模型的角度分析其模型要素與變遷及探討獲利模式,與何種因素會影響足球產業中的穩定商業關係,並比較台灣目前的足球產業現況及優缺點,提出促進我國足球產業發展的關鍵。結論:基於臺灣足球產業的的特性,臺灣足球產業模型應採SSRN與MCMMG的混合模型,並強調治理模式與獲利模式的重要。基於此模型,球隊應從地方球迷社群開始打造以穩定收益,並採企業化經營以利投資,加強媒體行銷吸引球迷以銷售產品與獲得轉播收益。而從治理模式與獲利模式的觀點來看,政府與協會的角色十分關鍵,其能透過法律與政策建設基礎設施與培育人才以拓展基礎資源,擴大足球文化並加強國際賽事交流,並整合企業投入技術與資金到足球產業中。
<br>不同運動行為階段對女大學生睡眠品質及身體組成之差異2023/12
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/125022
title: 不同運動行為階段對女大學生睡眠品質及身體組成之差異2023/12 abstract: 本研究旨在探討不同運動行為階段女大學生睡眠品質及身體組成之差異。研究對象為北部某大學在校女性學生368名,平均年齡20.22歲。研究工具包括運動階段問卷、身體組成分析儀器和匹茲堡睡眠品質量表。研究結果發現:不同運動行為階段在骨骼肌率上有顯著差異,維持期的骨骼肌率顯著高於意圖期,而其他指標如骨骼肌重、體脂肪重、身體質量指數、體脂肪率和腰臀圍比等則無顯著差異。這顯示運動的持續性對於提升骨骼肌率有重要作用,而其他身體組成指標的變化則無顯著差異。不同運動行為階段在睡眠品質上也有顯著差異,行動期的睡眠品質顯著優於準備期,而其他階段則無顯著差異。這表明運動能夠幫助紓解壓力、調節情緒,進而改善睡眠品質。然而,在其他運動行為階段中,睡眠品質的改善效果較小。研究建議大學生應該培養持續運動的習慣,並在日常生活中保持良好的生活方式,以改善身體組成和睡眠品質,進而提升健康水平。同時,也應該注意適度的運動強度,以及全面的生活方式管理。
<br>問題導向學習應用於羽球體育課程之行動研究
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/125002
title: 問題導向學習應用於羽球體育課程之行動研究臺灣地區溺水事件之空間分析–以水域救援統計資料為例
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/125001
title: 臺灣地區溺水事件之空間分析–以水域救援統計資料為例 abstract: 目的: 本研究旨在探討空間因素對溺水的影響,以提供政府制定防溺政策之參考。方法: 研究以 2014 至 2019 年消防機關水域救援統計公開資料進行分析,使用 Moran's I 指標確認空間相依性,並使用地理加權羅吉斯迴歸分析臺灣不同區域對於反應變數是否有不同效果。結果:一、造成溺斃的重要因素包括性別、溺水水域、溺水原因、年齡以及溺水地點與最近醫療單位距離。二、在顯著資料點地區,男性的溺斃率高於女性,淡水水域的溺斃率高於海岸線水域,年齡與溺斃機率呈現正向關係。三、在臺中市及苗栗縣,個人行為因素對於溺斃率的影響較大;而在其他顯著資料點地區,環
境危險因素的溺斃率高於個人行為因素。四、在溺水地點與最近醫療單位距離上,除了新竹縣及宜蘭縣外,其他顯著資料點地區,醫療單位距離與溺斃機率成現正向關係。結論: 使用地理加權羅吉斯迴歸做為研究模型,對於不同區域的反應變數具有不同效果,能更清楚呈現溺水的空間樣態,可供作為縣市區域擬定防溺措施的參考。
<br>全國社區學生棒球大賽服務品質、滿意度及再參加意願之研究
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/125000
title: 全國社區學生棒球大賽服務品質、滿意度及再參加意願之研究全國社區學生棒球大賽家長支持參與賽事動機之研究
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124999
title: 全國社區學生棒球大賽家長支持參與賽事動機之研究 abstract: 本研究旨在探討全國社區學生棒球大賽家長支持參與賽事之現況,並分析其家長在參與賽事動機於不同個人背景變項之差異情形。本研究以112年全國社區學生棒球大賽家長為研究對象,並採用問卷調查法進行資料蒐集,共發出316份問卷,回收有效問卷307份,研究工具為「全國社區棒球大賽家長支持參與賽事動機之研究問卷」,統計分析採用獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析及雪費法事後(Scheffé method)比較分析檢定。結果:一、參賽學童家長背景之現況:參賽學童家長以男性、擁有兩位子女、從事服務業、專科大學學歷、平均月收入以50,001以上為最多。參賽學童則是以家中排行老大、每個月平均打4~6次棒球和參加區別為北區最多。二、全國社區學生棒球大賽家長參與動機最高為「社會動機」、其次為「能力掌握動機」、最低為「智力動機」。三、不同背景變項的家長對於支持參與賽事動機各向度因素(智力動機、社會動機、能力掌握動機)上,皆無顯著差異。結論:透過本研究可發現,全國社區棒球學生大賽家長對於支持參與賽事動機每個面向都相當重視,未來主辦單位在賽事及活動規劃上各面向都需著重,以符合家長參與期待。
<br>自我控制回饋頻率的限制效應:動作表現與學習
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124985
title: 自我控制回饋頻率的限制效應:動作表現與學習 abstract: 本研究目的以兩個實驗分別探討無及有限制自我控制回饋頻率情境下的動作表現與學習效果。以低手拋擲為實驗工作,實驗一旨在檢驗無限制自我控制回饋頻率情境下的影響。24名參與者隨機分派至自我控制結果獲知(self-controlled knowledge of results, SCKR)組或對照組。結果發現回饋要求平均頻率為46%;SCKR組與對照組獲得期與保留測驗的準確分數無顯著差異。依據實驗一之發現,實驗二針對有限制自我控制回饋頻率的效應做進一步的探究。36位參與者隨機分派至50% SCKR組、50%結果獲知(knowledge of results, KR)組或100% KR組。結果發現100% KR組在獲得期的準確性顯著高於50% SCKR組及50% KR組,其中50% SCKR組的準確性又顯著高於50% KR組;在保留測驗中的準確性,50% SCKR組及50% KR組顯著高於100% KR組,而50% SCKR和50% KR兩組之間沒有差異。本研究結論得知不論在無或有限制回饋頻率情境下,只要頻率控制在50%,即使沒有給予自我控制回饋也能促進動作學習。
<br>推動地方創生可行策略之研究—以淡水河休閒獨木舟為例
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124940
title: 推動地方創生可行策略之研究—以淡水河休閒獨木舟為例 abstract: 時代的變遷與進化改變了台灣的生活模式,政府為了提升各地社區及偏鄉的發展,進而開始推動社區總體營造、農村再生方案,發展一鄉一特色,到現在的地方創生。淡水河邊的舢舨船是淡水最令人印象深刻的地方特色之一,然而現在要重現淡水河上操槳划舟的景象,只能透過休閒獨木舟的型態來進行。面對越來越多的文化觀光景點及生態旅遊路線的誕生,該如何將淡水河獨木舟設計成為更具創造性體驗價值的觀光遊程,並確保開發能促進當地的經濟效益、帶來繁榮與進步,而不對環境與生態造成破壞,是本文欲探討的問題。本文針對淡水河發展獨木舟休閒產業,以作為地方創生的觀點,先盤點相關資源,提出發展構想,最後透過SWOT 分析淡水河運動內外部環境的策略性,其優勢包括:可使用水域環境面積廣泛、沿岸古蹟眾多、生態資源豐富;劣勢包括:河域上較少設置救生相關的設備及救援動力船隻、有漲退潮汐問題及汙染問題、相關專業人力培育缺乏;機會包括:流域面積大,水域資源豐富、國家相關政策支持、入門門檻難易度較低;威脅包括:水域安全認知不足、天候因素影響、水域潮汐問題等。最後提出發展建議。
<br>不同運動行為階段對女大學生睡眠品質及身體組成之差異
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124939
title: 不同運動行為階段對女大學生睡眠品質及身體組成之差異 abstract: 本研究旨在探討不同運動行為階段女大學生睡眠品質及身體組成之差異。研究對象為北部某大學在校女性學生368 名,平均年齡20.22 歲。研究工具包括運動階段問卷、
身體組成分析儀器和匹茲堡睡眠品質量表。研究結果發現:不同運動行為階段在骨骼肌率上有顯著差異,維持期的骨骼肌率顯著高於意圖期,而其他指標如骨骼肌重、體
脂肪重、身體質量指數、體脂肪率和腰臀圍比等則無顯著差異。這顯示運動的持續性對於提升骨骼肌率有重要作用,而其他身體組成指標的變化則無顯著差異。不同運動
行為階段在睡眠品質上也有顯著差異,行動期的睡眠品質顯著優於準備期,而其他階段則無顯著差異。這表明運動能夠幫助紓解壓力、調節情緒,進而改善睡眠品質。然
而,在其他運動行為階段中,睡眠品質的改善效果較小。研究建議大學生應該培養持續運動的習慣,並在日常生活中保持良好的生活方式,以改善身體組成和睡眠品質,
進而提升健康水平。同時,也應該注意適度的運動強度,以及全面的生活方式管理。
<br>Intelligent Performance Evaluation in Rowing Sport Using a Graph-Matching Network
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124938
title: Intelligent Performance Evaluation in Rowing Sport Using a Graph-Matching Network abstract: Rowing competitions require consistent rowing strokes among crew members to achieve optimal performance. However, existing motion analysis techniques often rely on wearable sensors, leading to challenges in sporter inconvenience. The aim of our work is to use a graph-matching network to analyze the similarity in rowers’ rowing posture and further pair rowers to improve the performance of their rowing team. This study proposed a novel video-based performance analysis system to analyze paired rowers using a graph-matching network. The proposed system first detected human joint points, as acquired from the OpenPose system, and then the graph embedding model and graph-matching network model were applied to analyze similarities in rowing postures between paired rowers. When analyzing the postures of the paired rowers, the proposed system detected the same starting point of their rowing postures to achieve more accurate pairing results. Finally, variations in the similarities were displayed using the proposed time-period similarity processing.
The experimental results show that the proposed time-period similarity processing of the 2D graphembedding model (GEM) had the best pairing results.
<br>Effect of Lactobacillus Plantarum PS128 on Neuromuscular Efficiency after a Half-marathon
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124864
title: Effect of Lactobacillus Plantarum PS128 on Neuromuscular Efficiency after a Half-marathon abstract: Introduction: Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 (PS128) could be considered an antioxidant supplement to reduce muscle fatigue and improve exercise capacity recovery after vigorous exercise.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of PS128 on muscle fatigue and electromyography (EMG) activity after a half-marathon (HM).
Methods: The experimental design used a repeated-measures design with a double-blind approach. The participants either took two capsules of PS128 for 4 weeks as the PS128 group (PSG, n = 8) or took two capsules of a placebo for 4 weeks as the placebo group (PLG, n = 8) to ensure counterbalancing. The time points of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and EMG activity test were set before probiotics were taken (baseline), 48 h before HM (Pre), and immediately at 0 h, 3 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h after HM.
Results: EMG activity included median power frequency (MDF), integrated EMG (iEMG), and neuromuscular efficiency (peak torque/iEMG). The MVICs of knee extensors, analyzed by using an isokinetic dynamometer, showed a decrease from the Pre to 0 h (p = 0.0001), 3 h (p < 0.0001), 24 h (p < 0.0001), 48 h (p < 0.0001), 72 h (p = 0.0002), and 96 h (p = 0.0408) time points in the PLG. Sidak’s multiple comparisons tests showed that the PLG was significantly lower than the PSG at 0 h (p = 0.0173), 3 h (p < 0.0001), 24 h (p < 0.0001), 48 h (p < 0.0001), 72 h (p < 0.0001), and 96 h (p = 0.0004) time points. The MDF of vastus medialis oblique (VMO) in the PLG was significantly decreased 24 h after HM and significantly lower than that in the PSG at all times points after HM. The iEMG of VMO in the PLG was significantly decreased 48 h after HM and significantly lower than that in the PSG at 0 h, 3 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after HM.
Conclusion: The PS128 supplementation may prevent the decrease in MDF, iEMG, and peak torque after vigorous exercise. Recreational runners may consider implementing a probiotic supplementation regimen as a potential strategy to mitigate muscle fatigue following HM.
<br>世界盃會外賽中華與東帝汶比賽中鏟球區域 與球員位置之探討
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124822
title: 世界盃會外賽中華與東帝汶比賽中鏟球區域 與球員位置之探討Player Pair Evaluation in Rowing
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124563
title: Player Pair Evaluation in RowingIntelligent Performance Evaluation in Rowing Sport Using a Graph-Matching Network
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124548
title: Intelligent Performance Evaluation in Rowing Sport Using a Graph-Matching Network abstract: Rowing competitions require consistent rowing strokes among crew members to achieve optimal performance. However, existing motion analysis techniques often rely on wearable sensors, leading to challenges in sporter inconvenience. The aim of our work is to use a graph-matching network to analyze the similarity in rowers’ rowing posture and further pair rowers to improve the performance of their rowing team. This study proposed a novel video-based performance analysis system to analyze paired rowers using a graph-matching network. The proposed system first detected human joint points, as acquired from the OpenPose system, and then the graph embedding model and graph-matching network model were applied to analyze similarities in rowing postures between paired rowers. When analyzing the postures of the paired rowers, the proposed system detected the same starting point of their rowing postures to achieve more accurate pairing results. Finally, variations in the similarities were displayed using the proposed time-period similarity processing. The experimental results show that the proposed time-period similarity processing of the 2D graph-embedding model (GEM) had the best pairing results.
<br>大專公開組游泳選手運動表現策略之探討
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124423
title: 大專公開組游泳選手運動表現策略之探討 abstract: 本研究探討大專公開組游泳選手競技心理現況,以質、量化混合設計,採「中文版運動表現策略量表」(Test of Performance Strategies, TOPS-R)問卷調查,共發出297份,回收210份,回收率70.71%,有效問卷192份。描述性統計量化研究結果顯示:(一)公開組游泳選手在運動表現策略依序為目標設定、意象技巧、身心振奮、放鬆技巧、自我談話技巧、自動表現、干擾控制、負面思想控制、與情緒控制。(二)目標設定、身心振奮、自我談話技巧、及自動表現,男選手顯著優於女選手。(三)大專運動會前三名的選手,在身心振奮、與自動表現策略上的應用,顯著優於第七至第八名選手。質性資料顯示:(一)影響選手參與訓練的原因包括訓練環境改變的衝擊、團隊的影響、外在因素、選手個人態度四大類。(二)比賽對於選手的壓力來自競賽成績,外在目標消失時,壓力源同時消失;多數選手選擇聽音樂降低壓力源,同時轉換情境讓自己朝正向思考。(三)選手自我認同感有助於信心的提升,認為虛心學習,才有成長的空間,不因自負高估自己,致生高傲後失去目標。研究結果可提供大專公開組游泳選手與教練之參考,對於公開組的選手建議首重目標設定,強化其心理技能,並在訓練期中輔以相關心理技能訓練,以利選手突破比賽中之心理障礙,提高運動表現。
<br>全國大專院校棒球運動聯賽公開組一級選手團隊共享心智、團隊滿意度對團隊成績之影響
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124422
title: 全國大專院校棒球運動聯賽公開組一級選手團隊共享心智、團隊滿意度對團隊成績之影響 abstract: 本研究目的在驗證團隊共享心智、團隊滿意度、及團隊成績之間影響關係。以108學年大專體總公開棒球甲一級16強隊伍選手為研究對象,採用問卷方式收集資料,每校發放30份問卷,共計480份,回收有效問卷466份,有效回收率97.1%。回收資料經統計分析結果:大專棒球甲一級選手的團隊共享心智會正向影響團隊滿意度,團隊共享心智會正向影響大學棒球聯賽團隊成績,團隊滿意度會正向影響大學棒球聯賽團隊成績。團隊共享心智能解釋團隊滿意度的59%解釋變異量,而團隊共享心智與團隊滿意度能解釋大學棒球聯賽團隊成績的9%解釋變異量。最後本研究結果提出一些實務上建議。
<br>教練家長式領導行為與選手人格特質對運動團隊共享心智模型的影響
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124421
title: 教練家長式領導行為與選手人格特質對運動團隊共享心智模型的影響 abstract: 本研究目的在探討棒球教練家長式領導行為與選手不同人格特質對團隊共享心智模型的影響。本研究對象是108學年度臺灣北、中、南區高中棒球校隊之選手,共11所高中棒球校隊。共發放問卷445份,有效問卷415份,有效回收率為93.2%。資料經統計分析結果顯示:高中棒球教練家長式領導行為之威權領導與才德領導皆會正向影響團隊共享心智模型,但是仁慈領導不會影響團隊共享心智模型。選手的五大人格特質之神經質、開放性、友善性、外向性等人格特質會正向影響團隊共享心智模型,僅嚴謹性人格特質不會影響團隊共享心智模型。
<br>大學生健康促進行為之研究
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124420
title: 大學生健康促進行為之研究 abstract: 本研究目的在了解大學生健康促進行為之現況,以及個人背景變項在健康促進行為上之差異,以七所大學為研究對象,發放350份問卷,回收有效問卷300份,有效回收率85.7%。經統計分析結果顯示:大學生對整體健康促進行為是屬於有時(平均值3.21),在六個構面中最高分是社會支持構面(平均值3.80),屬於「經常」;最低的是健康責任構面(平均值2.41),屬於「偶爾」。其中健康責任是未來提升大學生健康促進行為時,可考慮優先加強改進的方向。背景變項在健康促進行為之差異,發現不同年級及是否有打工則不會影響健康促進行為,而性別、是否就讀體育相關科系、就讀私立大學等變項會影響健康促進行為的差異,建議未來在規劃健康促進行為方案時必須考慮以上三個變項。
<br>The Relationships among Sport Participation Level, Flow Experience, Perceived Health Status and Depression Level of College Students
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124419
title: The Relationships among Sport Participation Level, Flow Experience, Perceived Health Status and Depression Level of College Students abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between sport participation level, flow, perceived health status and depression using gender and grades as control variables of college students in Taiwan. Based on previous research, the study established the proposed model: using sport participation level and flow experience as predicting variables, perceived health status and depression as dependent variables, and gender and grades as control variables. A total of 700 structured questionnaires were distributed to college students using convenience sampling among seven universities in Taiwan with a valid return rate of 86.5%. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among the above-mentioned variables. The study found: 1. Male students had higher self-rated health perception than female students. 2. Students with higher grades perceived higher levels of depression than those with lower grades. 3. Among all variables, the level of sport participation had a positive predicting power of perceived health status and a negative predicting power of depression level; perceived health status had a negative predicting power of depression; while flow had no moderating effect among sport participation level, perceived health status and depression. In the model, the predicting variables had a predicting power of 0.58 (R2) for depression, indicating a good model. Conclusions and implications were made according to the findings of the study.
<br>Research on the Influence of Athlete Prestige and Athlete Distinctiveness on Athlete's Brand Image
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124415
title: Research on the Influence of Athlete Prestige and Athlete Distinctiveness on Athlete's Brand Image疫後推動游泳教學的挑戰與策略
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124372
title: 疫後推動游泳教學的挑戰與策略Effectiveness of a Water Intake Program at the Workplace in Physical and Mental Health Outcomes
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124317
title: Effectiveness of a Water Intake Program at the Workplace in Physical and Mental Health Outcomes abstract: Introduction
Adequate water intake is a low-cost and effectively non-invasive strategy for individual health outcomes. We aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of water intake intervention in intensive-labor and static-type workplaces.
Method
Smart drinking cups were provided to the participants, and a built-in application (App) associated with the cup was downloaded on their phones. The App collected and recorded the amount of drinking water consumed by the participants set reminders for drinking water and drinking water health education information. We assessed the data, including the amount of and time interval between water intake, sedentary time, the degree of physical and psychological importance of oneself, self-satisfaction, and physical fitness.
Results
After the intervention, water intake in the two companies significantly increased during the reminder period compared with the non-reminder period. A significant increase was noted in week 3 in the amount of water intake by the participants after using the App, and the total sedentary time considerably decreased. Furthermore, the interval between water consumption decreased compared with the preintervention interval. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased in the participants working at the static-type and intensive-labor workplaces after the intervention, respectively. The participants ' lower limb muscle performance also improved significantly, and the emphasis on self-care was significantly improved.
Conclusions
The health-promoting effects of the water intake wellness intervention were akin to the butterfly effect. Besides significantly increasing water intake, the intervention improved other health behaviors, thereby benefiting physical and mental health. Hence, promoting water consumption in workplaces till it becomes a habit may benefit the employees.
<br>應用多元智慧理論導入行動學習於大專院校水域活動教學之實證研究—以風浪板運動為例
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124206
title: 應用多元智慧理論導入行動學習於大專院校水域活動教學之實證研究—以風浪板運動為例 abstract: 風浪板活動是一種需要多感官知覺訓練的運動,多元智慧理論即是藉由訓練學生多重感官以達成學習目標,筆者從學校推動風浪板教學中,發現大部分的學生在體驗學習過程中,學習挫折感很大,雖然於陸地上已針對風浪板操帆動作要領進行教學,並且學習者須符合此動作要領才可下水實作,但船板置於水面上時是處於一種不穩定狀態加上緊張因素,所以還是會有許多錯誤的動作情形發生。目前已有多位專家學者皆提出多元智慧理論中的重要概念,當教師應用多元智慧的架構來教學,就可以擴展評量學生學習的可能方式。目的:透過多元智慧讓學生從風浪板運動的學習過程中理解本身能力的多元性,並比較學習前後的學習效果及調查學習後學習動機,以作為授課教師調整未來教學方向以及課程設計之參考。方法:以風浪板運動為主要教學項目,發展風浪板多元智慧教學課程,並以自編之風浪板多元智慧問卷測量課程探討學生學習風浪板課程前後之成效,以及使用ARCS學習動機量表檢驗學生學習風浪板課程後的學習動機。結果:(一)經過課程實施之後,顯著增加風浪板多元智慧學習成效(二)經由多元智慧學習之後有較強的學習動機,但在不同性別在學習動機上無顯著差異。結論:多元智慧理論即提供體育教師一個正向而積極的管道,促使學生的學習動機、學習興趣與學習效果得以兼顧。
<br>A Discriminant Analysis of Personality Traits and Cluster Types of Physical Education Teachers
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124205
title: A Discriminant Analysis of Personality Traits and Cluster Types of Physical Education Teachers abstract: This paper understands the personality traits and cluster types of physical education (PE) teachers in elementary schools. A total of 393 elementary PE teachers volunteered to participate in this study. The Personality Trait Questionnaire for PE teachers in elementary school was summarized and compiled on the basis of the theory of the Big Five personality traits. The researchers used the discriminant analysis method to analyze and obtain the data. The results show that the Big Five personality traits of PE teachers in elementary schools was agreeableness. Classification of the Big Five personality traits through discriminant analysis revealed a Wilk’s λ value of .199, an eigenvalue of 3.254, and 94.7% of the variance explained. Use of Ward’s minimum variance method indicated that the participants’ personalities were characterized by steady and pioneering type, sensitive and cautious type, and moderate and peaceful type. There were more males than females in the steady and pioneering type, more steady and pioneering type under the age of 30 years old, and more moderate and peaceful type with more than 16 years of work experience. In conclusion, most the personality traits of PE teachers in elementary school were agreeableness, moderate and peaceful type, which shows that most PE teachers have calm emotions, appropriate expressions of emotions, regularity, optimism, and enjoy interacting and collaborating with others.
<br>Marketing strategies of the female-only gym industry: A case-based industry perspective
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124191
title: Marketing strategies of the female-only gym industry: A case-based industry perspective abstract: Female customers are an important market for fitness centers. This study aims to examine successful fitness training health models used by female fitness clubs. A case study approach and the interview method were used to collect data (i.e., face-to-face interviews) regarding the marketing strategies of female fitness clubs. Purposive sampling was employed to select executives working at the headquarters of a female-only gym, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to provide a context for fitness behaviors and to discuss the business’ marketing mix. Six managers at Curves (four female and two male) across six different positions were interviewed. This study found that Curves’ most significant difference compared to other private fitness clubs is that it makes women feel comfortable. Through charitable activities combined with promotions, women feel as if the gym empathizes with them. This study is unique in that it is one of the first studies to explore the business model of the female fitness club. In particular, this research suggests that sports organizations should focus their services strategies on female exercise demands. The findings of this study will support the development of marketing strategies to promote the growth of women’s health as a priority within the fitness industry.
<br>Differences in kick-leg kinematics in various sidekick heights
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124133
title: Differences in kick-leg kinematics in various sidekick heights abstract: This study aims to explore the variation of lower extremity kinematic characteristics when elite taekwondo athletes perform the side-kick on protective gear placed at various heights. Twenty distinguished male national athletes were recruited and were asked to kick targets at three different heights adjusted according to their body height. A three-dimensional (3D) motion capture system was used to collect kinematic data. Kinematic parameters differences in the side-kick at three different heights were analyzed by using a one-way ANOVA (p < .05). The results revealed significant differences in the peak linear velocities of the pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, and centre of gravity of the foot during the leg-lifting phase (p < .05). Significant differences between heights were noted in the maximum angle of pelvis left tilting and hip abduction in both phases. In addition, the maximum angular velocities of pelvis left tilting and hip internal rotation were only different in the leg-lifting phase. This study found that, to kick at a higher target, athletes increase the linear velocities of their pelvis and all lower extremity joints of attacking leg in the leg-lifting phase; however, they only increase rotational variables on the proximal segment at the peak angle of the pelvis (left tilting) and hip (abduction and internal rotation) in the same phase. As an application in actual competitions, according to the opponent’s body height, athletes can adjust both linear and rotational velocities of their proximal segements (pelvis and hip) and deliver into distal segements (knee, ankle, foot) linear velocity to perform accurate and rapid kicks.
<br>Satellite fans' team identification, nostalgia, customer equity and revisit intention: Symmetric and asymmetric analysis
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124091
title: Satellite fans' team identification, nostalgia, customer equity and revisit intention: Symmetric and asymmetric analysis abstract: This study investigated causal antecedents’ symmetric and asymmetric effects on satellite fans’ intentions to revisit the home ground of their favorite sports teams through the lens of appraisal theory of emotion and complexity theory. Results showed that team identification affected revisit intention through sport nostalgia and customer equity. The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) suggested five different configurations that can explain the formation of satellite fans’ revisit intentions. In particular, ‘value equity’ and ‘nostalgia as personal identity’ were essential for explaining satellite fans’ revisit intention. This study contributes to a better understanding of satellite fans’ behaviors.
<br>The roles of employee-employee collaboration and employee-customer collaboration in fitness service innovation: A comparison of frontline and non-frontline employees
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/124007
title: The roles of employee-employee collaboration and employee-customer collaboration in fitness service innovation: A comparison of frontline and non-frontline employees abstract: Purpose: In this study we examined the impact of employees’ collaborative behaviours with colleagues and customers on their creative self-efficacy and service innovation from the perspective of service-dominant logic. We also examined the differences between frontline and non-frontline fitness service employees in our research model.
Design/methodology/approach: Participants were fitness-centre employees in Taiwan recruited via convenience sampling. A total of 410 participants completed our online survey, and we analysed the data using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).
Findings: We found that collaboration with both colleagues and customers had a positive impact on employees’ creative self-efficacy. Collaboration with colleagues directly affected service innovation, while collaboration with customers indirectly affected service innovation via creative self-efficacy. In addition, there was a significant difference between frontline and non-frontline employees in our research model. Specifically, the path from collaboration with customers to creative self-efficacy was stronger for frontline employees, and the path from creative self-efficacy to service innovation was stronger for non-frontline employees.
Originality/value: This study improves our understanding of the way in which different collaborative behaviours promote employees’ creative self-efficacy and service innovation. Further, it is the first to identify the difference between frontline and non-frontline employees and it shows how the effects of collaborative behaviours differ between them in the context of fitness services.
<br>四週高強度間歇訓練對青少年自由車選手攝氧動力學 恢復之影響
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123437
title: 四週高強度間歇訓練對青少年自由車選手攝氧動力學 恢復之影響 abstract: 本研究目的旨在探討4週高強度間歇訓練 (high intensity interval training, HIIT) 對青少年自由車選手之攝氧動力學恢復 (oxygen uptake recovery kinetics) 之效益。招募5名超過一年專項訓練之青少年自由車選手(身高:172.8公分、體重:63.2 公斤、年齡:16.0歲)為研究對象。每位選手4週共進行10次HIIT,4週訓練前、後分別進行一次最大攝氧量 (maximal oxygen uptake, VO2max) 測驗並在衰竭 (allout) 之後連續監測10分鐘的攝氧量與心率,分析衰竭後第0-1、1-2、2-3分鐘攝氧量與心率恢復率 (heart rate recovery, HRR) 以及恢復至攝氧量峰值50%的時間 (50% reduction in peak oxygen uptake, 50%VO2RP)。以相依樣本 t 檢定比較訓練前、後所有變項之差異。本研究結果發現四週後VO2max顯著進步 (p < .05),衰竭後第0-1分鐘的攝氧動力學恢復率與HRR均顯著提升 (p < .05),此外50%VO2RP的時間也明顯優於前側 (p < .05)。本研究發現青少年自由車選手進行短期高強度間歇訓練可以提升有氧能力之外,也有助於衰竭後自律神經的調配能力。然而,衰竭測試後攝氧動力學恢復率的提升是否與副交感神經調配有關,未來可進一步使用心跳變異率 (HRV) 進行驗證。
<br>臺北市市民運動中心績效評估之探討
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123438
title: 臺北市市民運動中心績效評估之探討 abstract: 目的:本文旨在探討12座臺北市市民運動中心經營績效之關鍵因子。方法:以文獻分析法統整呂富惠(2013)、楊乙軒、周世緯、吳玫芳(2013)、童詣雯(2013)、黃蕙娟(2012)、黃蕙娟與李俞麟(2012)、Chang & Lee(2004)所提出在運動中心經營績效影響因子,並歸納其關鍵成功因素。結果:歸納影響臺北市市民運動中心經營績效關鍵因子可分成七點,分別為:一、服務整體滿意度;二、運動中心服務人次;三、委外廠商營運獲利情形;四、行政區人口總數;五、運動中心可使用空間坪數;六、距離大眾運輸工具出入口;七、每年付予臺北市政付之權利金。結論:臺北市民運動中心主要為臺北市政府在國際健康城市發展潮流及市民對運動休閒空間之實際需求下,為積極提升市民健康體適能與養成終身運動習慣所規劃之運動休閒場館,然而導入民間資源及提升場館效能下,績效評估則成為近年來重要課題,希冀透過本文探討所建立之績效評估指標,後續研究者可透過績效評估工具如資料包絡分析法、平衡計分法等計算出臺北市市民運動中心之績效並比較其影響因子權重,以利未來政府興建國民運動中心經營管理之參考。
<br>臺北市職場員工自我健康認知之調查
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123436
title: 臺北市職場員工自我健康認知之調查 abstract: 肥胖是罹患癌症、心臟病及糖尿病等慢性病的主要因子之一。而上班族的體重過重或肥胖與職場環境有很大的關聯性,且自我健康認知將會影響改善肥胖之行為動機。本研究目的為探討臺北市職場員工自我健康認知與性別之影響。研究方法採用「電腦輔助電話訪問系統(Computer Assisted Telephone Interview, CATI)」隨機抽樣訪問臺北市住戶。統計方法以描述性統計及卡方檢定進行分析。結果顯示:(一)臺北市職場員工在久坐情況、血壓量測意識、每日走樓梯層數及每日飲水量的健康意識較薄弱。(二)性別變項會影響「工作時由坐姿起身的平均間隔時間」及「每日飲水量」(p < .05),且男性在30分鐘內由坐姿起身的比率高於女性(24% VS. 19.5%)。建議職場健康促進宣導時,進行整點歇息時起身步行、量測血壓、走樓梯及飲水的訊息推播,進而提高員工自我健康意識。
<br>半程馬拉松跑後對肌肉損傷之影響
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123434
title: 半程馬拉松跑後對肌肉損傷之影響 abstract: 研究目的:本研究目的為研究單次半程馬拉松 (half-marathon, HM) 跑後對肌肉損傷之影響。研究方法:參與者為7名休閒跑者 (25.7 ± 2.4歲, 171 ± 7.7公分,68.2 ± 13.2公斤)。每位參與者完成一次HM介入,於介入前48小時 (pre)、HM介入後立即 (0-h)、3小時 (3-h)、24小時 (24-h)及48小時 (48-h) 各進行血液指標分析,包含肌肉疲勞指標、肌肉損傷指標及腎臟損傷指標。以重複量數單因子變異數分析 (repeated measures one-way ANOVA) 考驗每個評估指標在HM前、後不同時間點之差異。結果:肌肉疲勞指標皆無顯著差異 (p > .05),肌肉損傷指標肌酸磷酸肌酶 (creatine phosphate kinase, CPK) 於0-h、3-h、24-h及48-h皆顯著大於pre (p < .05),乳酸脫氫酶 (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) 及肌紅素 (myoglobin) 於0-h皆3-h皆顯著大於pre (p < .05)。腎臟損傷指標尿素氮 (blood urea nitrogen, BUN) 於0-h及3-h皆顯著大於pre (p < .05)。結論:單次半程馬拉松跑步後會造成急性下肢肌肉損傷及腎臟損傷,且肌肉損傷時間持續48小時之久仍未恢復至正常狀態。建議民眾參加半程馬拉松賽事時,需做好適當的運動疲勞恢復,以利提早恢復至健康狀態。
<br>臺北市職場員工使用智慧型手機應用程式 管理久坐之意願調查
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123435
title: 臺北市職場員工使用智慧型手機應用程式 管理久坐之意願調查 abstract: 肥胖是造成心臟病、糖尿病、肝病及癌症的導因之一。而坐姿生活容易造成肥胖的現象。本研究目的為探討臺北市職場員工1日累積坐姿的時間及使用智慧型手機應用程式(Application, APP)記錄久坐時間的意願。研究方法採用「電腦輔助電話訪問系統(Computer Assisted Telephone Interview, CATI)」並配合中華電信公開臺北市十二行政區家用住宅電話隨機抽樣訪問,所得數據以敘述性統計及卡方檢定進行分析。結果呈現如下:(一)臺北市職場員工1日累積坐姿的時間為5個小時以上的人數佔56.8%,其中以5-6小時比例最高(28.9%)。(二)職場員工使用手機APP記錄久坐時間之意願結果以非常同意與同意比例合計58.8%,而不同意與非常不同意合計41.1%。(三)教育程度會影響使用手機APP記錄久坐時間的意願(p < .05),其中教育程度為學士者,對於使用手機APP記錄久坐時間的意願為非常同意與同意合計66.8%,而高中職者之意願為不同意與非常不同意合計69.1%。綜上結論為目前臺北市職場員工的久坐型態尚需改善,且目前員工普遍願意接受手機APP解決方案,但其中教育程度阻礙了使用意願。建議未來要注重APP使用者介面需簡單明瞭,以增加使用智慧型手機APP的意願。
<br>上臂固定休息對肌力、肌肉萎縮與本體感覺的影響
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123433
title: 上臂固定休息對肌力、肌肉萎縮與本體感覺的影響加壓帶介入對急性肌肉疲勞恢復的影響
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123432
title: 加壓帶介入對急性肌肉疲勞恢復的影響Effects of acute resistance exercise with different intensities and equal training volume on immune cell responses
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123431
title: Effects of acute resistance exercise with different intensities and equal training volume on immune cell responses abstract: Introduction
Previous studies have investigated the effects of different resistance training load schemes on immune cell migration, but the prescription design neglected training volume and inter-set rest, which led to inconsistent findings. Therefore, the relationship between resistance exercise prescribing variables and the immune response needs further investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an acute resistance exercise of varying load with equal training volume and inter-rest time on the immune response.
Methods
Healthy young men (n = 11; age 23.0 ± 0.7 years, body mass index 21.5 ± 0.7 kg/m2) with no resistance exercise habits were recruited to perform three trials, including moderate-load RE (MOD; 4 sets of 8 repetitions at 85% 8RM), low-load RE (LOW; 4 sets of 15 repetitions at 45% 8RM) and control (CON; no exercise), in a randomized, crossover design. Blood was collected pre-exercise, 0, 30, and 60 min post-exercise for analysis of cortisol and immune cell counts. The data obtained were analyzed using a linear mixed model.
Results
Total white blood cell counts and lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in MOD and LOW than in CON at immediately post-exercise (p <0.05), with no significant difference between the MOD and LOW (p >0.05). Cortisol were significantly higher in MOD than in CON at 30 and 60 min post-exercise (p <0.05), with no significant difference between the MOD and LOW (p >0.05).
Conclusion
Both moderate- and low-load RE induced a transient state of immune cell migration; such changes returned to basal level within 30 min after exercising. Acute stress response elicited by moderate-load RE has lasted longer, as evidenced by cortisol levels.
<br>Associations between university students’ physical literacy and quality of life: Is motivation a mediator?
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123430
title: Associations between university students’ physical literacy and quality of life: Is motivation a mediator? abstract: The potential for nurturing, integrating, and optimizing physical literacy to thereby enhance the quality of life, but supporting such arguments remains limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediation effect of motivation in the relationship between physical literacy and quality of life. By applying the time segregation method, participants (n = 388) were drawn from university students of Taiwan who were asked to complete a set of questionnaires twice in the first semester of the academic year 2021–2022. Partial least square structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. Results further indicated that motivation is the mediator of the relationship between physical literacy and physical education satisfaction (direct effect = 0.37, p < 0.001). This satisfaction also mediated the relationship between physical literacy and quality of life (direct effect = 0.592, p < 0.001). This study connected theoretical knowledge regarding physical literacy with practice, suggesting that ongoing physical education may nurture the habit of lifelong participation in physical activity, and identifies the critical role of motivation as a mediating mechanism, thus further improving quality of life.
<br>以ATP排名差距預測網球賽事勝負及勝負機率:三種預測方法與比較
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123203
title: 以ATP排名差距預測網球賽事勝負及勝負機率:三種預測方法與比較 abstract: 預測一場網球單打賽事的勝負以及兩選手各自獲勝的機率,對網球愛好者來說是一件有趣的事,對運動彩券投注者與經營者也極為重要,因為兩選手各自獲勝的機率是設定賠率的重要參考。本文利用三種方法,以男子網球單打賽事對戰選手之職業網球協會(ATP)之官方排名差距,預測兩人勝負並推估各自的獲勝機率,這三種方法為邏輯斯迴歸法、二元有序機率單元迴歸法與多重有序機率單元迴歸法,其中第三種方法(多重有序機率單元迴歸法)係先利用排名差距預測賽事的盤數比,再由所預測的盤數比預判出賽事的勝方。本文利用ATP之2019年全部1992場巡迴賽事中的996場建構預測模型,並以其餘996場賽事的結果評估預測模型的準確性,研究結果顯示多重有序機率單元迴歸模型可以得出較好的預測結果。然而,從實際賽事資料可以發現,約略有1/3的賽事係由排名落後的選手獲勝,且排名愈接近這種現象愈頻繁,這使得上述三種模型的預測正確率約略為2/3。因此純粹以選手排名差進行預測有其侷限性,本文建議將其他排名計算方式納入考慮或使用選手的各項能力指標進行勝負預測,以提高預測準確率。
The prediction of the winner of a single tennis match and the estimation of a player's winning probability are interesting to tennis fans and are also important to sport lottery betters and bookmakers, since the betting odds for a tennis player are proportional to the reciprocal of her/his winning probability. In this presentation, we use three models to predict the winner as well as to estimate a player's winning probability of a men's single tennis match, using the difference of two players' ATP (Association of Tennis Professionals) official ranks as the predictor variable. The three models are logistic regression, ordered probit regression model with binary response and the ordered probit regression with multiple-level responses. The third method (the ordered probit regression with multiple-level responses) first predicts the real score in sets (say 0:2, 1:2, 2:1 and 2:0 for best of three matches) and then determines the winner of a tennis match based on the prediction. We split the 1992 match records of year 2019 ATP tournaments into two datasets of equal size 996, such that the first half of the records are used to estimate the above three models and the second is thus used to evaluate the accuracy of the three models. The results show the third model, namely the multilevel ordered probit model, has the best performance in predicting the winner. However, the historical match results show that roughly one third of the winners were the lower-ranked players than their opponents and such a counter-intuitive results occurred more often in practice when two players' ranks are closer, hindering prediction accuracies of the above three models considered. This suggests that the use of two players' rank difference alone has its limitations and that we need alternative mechanisms to rank the tennis players and that the above models should incorporate more (tennis skill based) explanatory variables to achieve more accurate predictions.
<br>以ATP排名差距預測網球賽事勝負及勝負機率:三種預測方法與比較
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123202
title: 以ATP排名差距預測網球賽事勝負及勝負機率:三種預測方法與比較 abstract: 預測一場網球單打賽事的勝負以及兩選手各自獲勝的機率,對網球愛好者來說是一件有趣的事,對運動彩券投注者與經營者也極為重要,因為兩選手各自獲勝的機率是設定賠率的重要參考。本文利用三種方法,以男子網球單打賽事對戰選手之職業網球協會(ATP)之官方排名差距,預測兩人勝負並推估各自的獲勝機率,這三種方法為邏輯斯迴歸法、二元有序機率單元迴歸法與多重有序機率單元迴歸法,其中第三種方法(多重有序機率單元迴歸法)係先利用排名差距預測賽事的盤數比,再由所預測的盤數比預判出賽事的勝方。本文利用ATP之2019年全部1992場巡迴賽事中的996場建構預測模型,並以其餘996場賽事的結果評估預測模型的準確性,研究結果顯示多重有序機率單元迴歸模型可以得出較好的預測結果。然而,從實際賽事資料可以發現,約略有1/3的賽事係由排名落後的選手獲勝,且排名愈接近這種現象愈頻繁,這使得上述三種模型的預測正確率約略為2/3。因此純粹以選手排名差進行預測有其侷限性,本文建議將其他排名計算方式納入考慮或使用選手的各項能力指標進行勝負預測,以提高預測準確率。
The prediction of the winner of a single tennis match and the estimation of a player's winning probability are interesting to tennis fans and are also important to sport lottery betters and bookmakers, since the betting odds for a tennis player are proportional to the reciprocal of her/his winning probability. In this presentation, we use three models to predict the winner as well as to estimate a player's winning probability of a men's single tennis match, using the difference of two players' ATP (Association of Tennis Professionals) official ranks as the predictor variable. The three models are logistic regression, ordered probit regression model with binary response and the ordered probit regression with multiple-level responses. The third method (the ordered probit regression with multiple-level responses) first predicts the real score in sets (say 0:2, 1:2, 2:1 and 2:0 for best of three matches) and then determines the winner of a tennis match based on the prediction. We split the 1992 match records of year 2019 ATP tournaments into two datasets of equal size 996, such that the first half of the records are used to estimate the above three models and the second is thus used to evaluate the accuracy of the three models. The results show the third model, namely the multilevel ordered probit model, has the best performance in predicting the winner. However, the historical match results show that roughly one third of the winners were the lower-ranked players than their opponents and such a counter-intuitive results occurred more often in practice when two players' ranks are closer, hindering prediction accuracies of the above three models considered. This suggests that the use of two players' rank difference alone has its limitations and that we need alternative mechanisms to rank the tennis players and that the above models should incorporate more (tennis skill based) explanatory variables to achieve more accurate predictions.
<br>羅東社區網球運動傷害調查研究
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/123201
title: 羅東社區網球運動傷害調查研究 abstract: 本研究的目的著重在於比較球友們的年齡、性別、網球經驗、運動場地、球拍性質及握拍方式,觀察是否會對各項運動傷害產生差異性。本研究調查在羅東社區從事網球運動的民眾共111名,其中男性98位,女性13位。結果發現:一、網球運動傷害高達84.6%曾發生過肘部、膝蓋、手腕、肩部、下背、腳踝、大腿、足部、手臂、臀部、小腿的傷害。其中以肘部傷害最高49.5%,其次膝蓋31.5%,手腕27.9%,肩部25.2%,下背24.3%,腳踝23.4%,大腿拉傷17.1%,足部11.7%,手臂肌肉拉傷9%,臀部8.1%,小腿4.5%。二、調查發現性別、正手拍握拍方式、每次運動時數、球拍尺寸、淨拍重量、對於受傷的部位是沒有顯著差異的。三、紅土球場的運動員較硬地球場者有較高的手腕受傷比例。四、使用雙手反拍較單手反拍者具有較高的手臂肌肉拉傷比例。五、在年齡分組的比較當中,首先發現在手肘受傷的部分是有差異性的,而51-60歲組明顯較≦30歲組有較高的手肘傷害比例,雖然在肩部拉傷部分亦有顯著差異,但在組與組的比較當中卻找不出顯著的差異。六、在球齡分組的比較當中,在肘部受傷的部分是有差異,球齡≦5年這一組有過肘部受傷經驗者較其餘各組少。七、在熱身時間的分組當中,對於膝蓋受傷是有差異,熱身時間>10分鐘者較熱身5-10分鐘者有較高的受傷比例且具有顯著差異。本研究亦發現場地材質為手腕受傷的影響因子、年齡為手肘傷害的影響因子、熱身時間為膝蓋受傷的影響因子、雙手持拍要注意手臂拉傷等結論。這些發現排除部分球友對於運動傷害的錯誤疑慮外,也期望透過加強正確的預防宣導概念來降低運動傷害的發生率及再發生率。
<br>